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CSS

Sébastien Merour
publié le 13/06/2020 à 16h15 | modifé le 13/06/2020 à 19h00
Catégorie : LangagesCommentaires (15172)
CSS
Description

Le CSS (Cascading Styles Sheets) est un langage informatique permettant de décrire le style, la présentation d'un document HTML. Là où le HTML va se contenter de structurer un document, le CSS va prendre en charge le style, la mise en page d'une page web.

En réalité, le HTML n'a jamais eu besoin du langage CSS pour être exécuté sur un navigateur web. Cependant, le CSS est devenu rapidement une nécessité afin de séparer ce qui relève purement et simplement de la structure d'une page web (c'est le rôle du HTML), de ce qui relève de la mie en page (formes, couleurs, polices de caractères....).

Le style d'une page web peut être défini de 3 façons :

-soit directement dans la page HTML (avec par exemple la balise style, située dans la partie HEAD de la page)

-soit en mode inline (exemple : utilisation de la balise strong pour mettre en gras un texte)

-soit grâce à un fichier CSS, référencé dans la section HEAD de la page.

Il est évident qu'il est préférable d'utiliser la 3ème méthode. En effet : imaginons qu'un développeur souhaite modifier complètement le design d'un site web, sans pour autant modifier la structure des pages web. C'est là que le fichier CSS a son intérêt : le développeur pourra modifier le style du site en ne modifiant que le fichier CSS du site. Ce sera d'autant plus utile si le site web contient de très nombreuses pages.

Il est possible également qu'une page web ou qu'un site fasse appel à plusieurs fichiers CSS. Par exemple, il est fréquent de voir un fichier CSS différent pour chaque taille d'écran, afin de rendre un site 100% responsive.

Par ailleurs, le CSS est devenu de plus en plus puissant au fil des années. Désormais, le CSS permet d'afficher par exemple des animations, ou des graphiques particulièrement complexes.

Les sélecteurs

Le principe du CSS repose sur la sélection : on sélecte un élément (par exemple un type de balise, ou bien une balise possédant un identifiant) pour lui appliquer un style. On pourra par exemple appliquer une couleur rouge pour tous les titres de type H3.

Box Model

Tous les élements HTML (une image, un paragraphe, un formulaire...) peut être considéré comme une boîte. Pour définir cette boîte, on utilise 4 élements :

- Margin (Marge - l'espace qui est en dehors de la bordure)

- Border (Bordure - la bordure qui est autour du padding)

- Padding (Ecart - l'écart entre le contenu et la bordure)

- Content (Contenu - par exemple le texte et les images)

Grid

Grid est un principe CSS permettant d'afficher un Layout en mode "grille". Le développeur peut utiliser ce principe pour positionner des éléments dans une grille, en faisant varier par exemple la taille de chaque case, ou l'orientation de chaque rangée, etc...

Pour afficher un layout en mode Grid, il est nécessaire d'insérer l'instruction display: grid

Flexbox

Auparavant, nous avions 4 formats de Layouts possibles :

- Block, pour les sections d'une page

- Inline, pour le texte

- Table, pour afficher un tableau

- Positioned, pour positionner explicitement un élément.

L'arrivée du concept du Flexbox facilite la création de layout, sans avoir à utiliser les notions de float ou de position.

Pour activer la notion de flexbox sur un élément, il est nécessaire d'appliquer un affichage flex avec l'instruction display: flex

Les proprités d'un conteneur Flex sont les suivantes :

flex-direction

flex-wrap

flex-flow

justify-content

align-items

align-content

Fonctionnalités
Style / Mise en page
Date de création
17/12/1996
Créateur
W3C
Dernière version
3
Langage
CSS
Liens
Aux dernières nouvelles
Depuis 2010, CSS est censé évoluer vers sa version 4. Mais suite au succès de HTML 5 couplé avec CSS 3, il est possible que CSS 4 ne voit jamais le jour, où bien que la notion de version (5 pour HTML et 3 pour CSS) disparaisse, pour devenir des langages en constante évolution.

15172 Commentaire(s)
  1. user
    next_js_qcPi
    09/09/2025 à 23h47  commentaire modifé
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  2. user
    temporary_bdEn
    09/09/2025 à 23h44  commentaire modifé
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  3. user
    fake_oxSn
    09/09/2025 à 23h26  commentaire modifé
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  4. user
    full_olSi
    09/09/2025 à 22h17  commentaire modifé
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  5. user
    full_ebMt
    09/09/2025 à 22h15  commentaire modifé
    Bakmak kıyamet 2018 türkçe dublaj aksiyon filmi izle. Sinema keyfini yaşamak için Full HD ve 4K seçenekleri. Film izleme alışkanlıklarımız teknoloji ile birlikte evrildi. Bu iki format, izleyicilerin deneyimlerini zenginleştirir. Full HD, yüksek çözünürlük sunarak detayları öne çıkarır. Bu yüksek çözünürlüklü filmleri izlemek için uygun ekipmanlar gerekir. Yüksek çözünürlükteki görüntü kalitesi, kullanıcıları etkileyecektir. Full HD formatı, halen birçok izleyici için idealdir. Sinema severlerin beklentilerine cevap verecek birçok format mevcuttur. Günümüzde pek çok film izleme platformu bulunmaktadır. Film severler, çeşitli platformlarda istedikleri filmleri bulabiliyor. Bu platformlarda, geniş bir film yelpazesi sunulmaktadır. Seçenekler arasında kaybolmamak için önceden araştırma yapmak iyi bir fikir olabilir. Sonuç olarak, Full HD ve 4K film izlemek günümüzün vazgeçilmez bir parçası. Her iki format da kendi avantajları ile birlikte gelir. Artık her zevke hitap eden bir format mevcut. Full HD ve 4K seçenekleri ile film keyfini artırmak elinizde.

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